Vietnam

• Capital: Hanoi
• Largest city: Ho Chi Minh City
• Official language: Vietnamese
• Total area: 331,212 km2 
• Currency: Vietnamese đồng

Vietnam is a country located in Southeast Asia. Vietnam shares its borders with China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east. The country has a diverse geography that includes mountains, coastal plains, and river deltas. The Mekong River is one of the major waterways in Vietnam.

Vietnam has a rich and complex history. It was ruled by Chinese dynasties for over a thousand years until gaining independence in the 10th century. In the 19th century, Vietnam came under French colonial rule. The country fought for independence and gained full independence in 1954. The Vietnam War, which lasted from the mid-1950s to 1975, had a significant impact on the country and its people.

Vietnamese culture is influenced by its long history, Chinese traditions, and neighboring Southeast Asian cultures. The country has a strong emphasis on family values, respect for elders, and communal harmony. Vietnamese cuisine is renowned worldwide, known for its fresh ingredients, balanced flavors, and diverse dishes like pho, banh mi, and spring rolls.

Vietnam's economy has experienced significant growth and transformation in recent decades. It has transitioned from a primarily agricultural economy to one that is more diversified, with industries such as manufacturing, services, and tourism playing a vital role. Vietnam is known for its textile and garment industry, electronics manufacturing, and agricultural products like rice and coffee.

Vietnamese is the official language of Vietnam. It is a tonal language with a Roman-based script influenced by the French alphabet. English is also spoken and understood in major cities and tourist areas.